An Epidemic to Pandemic COVID-19/CORA-VIRUS
The pandemic COVID-19/CORA-virus nowadays is increasing in worldwide exponentially. The World Health Organization (WHO) officially gave international name so-called COVID-19 (2019 novel coronavirus) to discuss the prevention, spread, transmissibility, severity, and treatment. The name was given on February 11, 2020 (ref.1). These days the world scientists, doctors and engineers are doing research vigilantly to exterminate Cora-virus.
The discovery of the CORA/CORONA Name
The word Cora in classical mythology means the goddess of fertility in the underworld life (ref.2). The hereditary common Corona name existed in between 1842 and 1920 in the USA, Canada, and Scotland. The Corona surname was implied in California, USA in 1920 (ref.3). Whereas in the scientific world, Corona viruses name derives after electron microscopic examination and illustration, looks like a “corona,” or halo (sun surrounds rays or crown) (ref.4).
The most common signs of coronavirus and timeline
It is very important to know the common symptoms and timelines of this diseases to prevent the spread of the virus (shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.). In addition to fever, dry cough, fatigue, etc. Recently research in CDC shows coronavirus symptoms include muscle pain, a red throat (pharyngeal erythema), skin problems, inflammatory, red eyes, chapped lips, loss of taste, and smell (ref.5-8). This is an airborne disease; it spreads so easily because it’s contagious about a day before you notice the first symptoms. This pointed out how critical to avoid touching your face, nose and eyes to stop the spread of the disease.
Figure 1 The common symptoms of corona-virus (ref.5)
Figure 2 COVID-19 symptoms and Timeline (ref.6)
The Worst Epidemic and Pandemic Virus in history
The top 20-21*of the worst epidemics and pandemics virus in historical places, starting from 3000 B.C. up to present day (ref.9).
1. Circa 3000 B.C. from China
2. Plague of Athens: 430 B.C.
3. Antonine Plague: A.D. 165-180
4. Plague of Cyprian: A.D. 250-2714. Plague of Cyprian: A.D. 250-271
6. The Black Death: 1346-1357.
7. Cocoliztli epidemic: 1545-1548
8. American Plagues: 16th century
9. Great Plague of London: 1665-1666
10.Great Plague of Marseille: 1720-1723
11.Russian plague: 1770-1772
12. Philadelphia yellow fever epidemic: 1793
13. Flu pandemic: 1889-1890
14. American polio epidemic: 1916
16. Asian Flu: 1957-1958
17. AIDS pandemic and epidemic: 1981-present day
18. H1N1 Swine Flu pandemic: 2009-2010
19. West African Ebola epidemic: 2014-2016
20. Zika Virus epidemic: 2015-present day
21*. COVID-19 Virus pandemic: 2019-present day
COVID_19 first time started in Wuhan, China in late 2019 where the gears have changed from epidemic to extremely severe pandemic. This killer looks like crown-spike on the surface, the cross-section shows the inner components of the virus shown in Figure 3 were derived from a CDC released image (re.7).
Figure 3 3D Medical illustration of 2019 Novel Coronavirus,
The Common Human Coronaviruses
The human coronaviruses were first identified in the mid of 1960s (ref.10); the coronaviruses that can infect people are known as alpha (α), beta (β), gamma (γ), and delta (δ) (ref.10).
1. 229E (α coronavirus)
2. NL63 (α coronavirus)
3. OC43 (β coronavirus)
4. HKU1 (β coronavirus)
5. MERS-CoV (the beta coronavirus that causes Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, or MERS)
6. SARS-CoV (the beta coronavirus that causes Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or SARS)
7. SARS-CoV-2 (the novel coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease 2019, or COVID-19)
Blood Type Associated with COVID-19
No matter what blood type you have, keeping a healthy lifestyle, and managing health contingency factors is very important for avoiding diseases. Lately the study in the southern university of science and technology in China concerning blood type associated with coronavirus have shown a significantly higher risk for blood type A and lower risk for the blood type O infection (ref.11-12). In addition to this study, people with type O blood have the lowest risk of developing circulatory diseases and cognitive disorders like coronary heart disease and pancreatic cancer compared to people with A, B, and AB blood types(ref.11).
The Situation of the Virus
It's very suspicious, this Covid-19 virus can be transmitted from humans to animals and vice versa. Recently, in New York at the Bronx Zoo, four tigers and three lions have tested COVID-19 positive (ref.13). The situation of the virus may occur naturally from animals (bat or pangolins); may have escaped from the research facility lab in Wuhan due to poor safety protocols (ref.14). Other suggestions or conspiracy could be a biowarfare virus while this ideology comprehensively rejected by scientists (ref.15).
The H1NI flu ''Spanish flu'' killed 50 million internationally and 675,000 people in the United States in 1918 (ref.16). Nowadays, the world is struggling were never by this virus; in worldwide contemporary 4,652,420 cases and 309,086 deaths are registered as of May 16, 2020, and the USA is the top number one country by having 1,484,579 cases and 88,523 deaths (ref.17).
The action of Predicting the Pandemic and World Preparation
Related to the pandemic virus, the entertainment industry particularly Hollywood film production predicted in a very similar way in Contagion movie, 2011. This industry made more than 50 movies related to airborne pathogens disease (ref. 18). Some of the overwhelmed conspiracy theories under this virus have been doing viral on social media like 'The Eyes of The Darkness', 'End of Days' and ‘Bart to the Future'. Any of these predictions are pure speculation. Researchers or specialists are more accurate, and all say the same thing again and again. Bill Gates predicted coronavirus outbreak death by citing research from the Institute for Disease Modeling (The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security) in 2018, researcher modeled on SARS and run a simulation suggested 65 million people could die within 18 months (ref.19). Despite having this predication, the world is not prepared for it.
Coronavirus map as of May 10, 2020 tracking the global outbreak by the New York times shows in Figure 4.
Figure 4 The global outbreak Coronavirus map tracking
Figure 5 Cumulative number of cases (by number of days since 10,000 cases)
What you can do to Protect and Prevent Spreading of Covid-19?
We all are under extremely high-pressure by an airborne disease; thousands of people are dying each day. World is never experience before by this most contagious virus. All of us should fight like a soldier in this battle, not only medical doctors but also engineers across the world should react proactively to prepare significant solutions by inventing sustainable Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), create portable-faster, and accurate test equipment, breathing and respiratory equipment generate new model systems to predicted and understand physiology and chemistry effects of Covid virus.
Presently we have an unbounded global spread of COVID-19; all of us affected either directly by the virus or through droplets generated when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or speaks. Aerosolized coronavirus particles can remain viable up to three hours in the air, indicating it can infect a person within these hours after being expelled (ref.20). You can be infected by breathing in the virus if you are within one meter of a person who has COVID-19, or by touching a contaminated surface and then touching your eyes, nose, or mouth. The most high-touch contaminated surfaces are door handle, elevator buttons, pedestrian crosswalk traffic light button, shopping cart handles, public bathroom fixtures, vending machines, public trolleys, steering wheel, keys, bus handrails, and train handrails. Make ensures your hands are clean disinfected again and won't transfer the virus to your equipment and meticulously care for your body interaction. Don't ever touch your face, habituate this behavior. Avoid close contact with people minimum 2m away from vulnerable folks who have active symptoms of disease. You must handle those types of interaction carefully by gloves or disinfect it (sanitize by alcohol) and wash your hand thoroughly to protect your family (at least 20 seconds) before contacting them change your cloth and take shower if you are coming from the outdoor. Numerous precaution measures must be taken by us to protect and prevent spreading the virus between the public.
Most importantly, do not fear, do no panic and do no lose displeasure, this is our common sorrow and pain. Simple method to control and prevent; stay home sweet home, follow common hygiene, do not t neglect basic PPE and protective measures. The Covid-19 is different virus, stay aware of and get latest updated real information from WHO and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Stay Home like Isaac Newton during Pandemic Virus, and make 2020 a ‘Wonder Year’
Like this pandemic virus in 1665-1666 (Great Plague) Newton was under lock-down in London at his early age 20s from his university Cambridge, the miracles times to think came for him, he began work on his discoveries in the fields of calculus, motion, optics and gravitation. Thus, do not go outside and take your life in risk, it is good to be home, stay at your disposal, study, think positive and discover science and make 2020 ‘wonder years’, God will always make a way. One of the best-known children's songs during epidemic Great Plague, since 1666 from the English-speaking world (ref. 21-22).
"Ring-a-ring of roses,
A pocketful of posies,
Attischo, Attischo,
We all fall down”
References
- https://www.livescience.com/worst-epidemics-and-pandemics-in-history.html
- https://nameberry.com/babyname/Cora
- https://www.ancestry.com/name-origin?surname=corona
- https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/explainer-what-is-a-coronavirus
- https://www.freep.com/story/news/health/2020/03/11/coronavirus-symptoms-testing-covid19/5020645002/
- https://www.healio.com/pediatrics/emerging-diseases/news/online/%7B50cc6414-cc52-491397a2-a5ca217b6caf%7D/common-covid-19-symptoms-in-kids-include-fever-cough-red-throat
- https://www.cleveland.com/news/2020/04/covid-toes-odd-rashes-health-care-professionals-explore-role-skin-problems-could-have-in-coronavirus-diagnosis.html
- https://www.the-sun.com/news/837947/mom-reveals-sons-symptoms-covid-linked-condition/utm_medium=browser_notifications&utm_source=pushly
- https://nameberry.com/babyname/Cora
- https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200317175442.htm
- Ewald DR, Sumner SC. Blood type biochemistry and human disease.WileyInterdiscip Rev Syst Biol Med. 2016;8(6):517‐535.
- https://www.pharmacytimes.com/news/study-suggests-blood-type-a-associated-with-higher-risk of-covid-19
- https://abc7ny.com/bronx-zoo-tiger-with-coronavirus-tigers-lions/6122810/
- https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/types.html
- https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2020/04/21/coronavirus-who-says-evidence-shows covid-19-not-made-lab/2995236001/
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-pandemic-h1n1.html
- https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/#countries
- https://www.vulture.com/2020/04/best-pandemic-movies-on-netflix-hulu-prime-and-more.html
- https://tbsnews.net/international/bill-gates-predicted-coronavirus-outbreak-death-33-million- people-2018-39867
- https://www.livescience.com/covid19-coronavirus-transmission-through-speech.html
- https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200317175442.htm
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVT4pt2FxXU
Interesting.
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